Value Proposition Canvas: a guide to designing value propositions that drive your company forward

Learn how to use the Value Proposition Canvas to transform your company into a value generator and attract more customers.

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27/8/2025
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Has it ever happened to you that you design a product thinking that it will be a resounding success and then no one buys it? If your answer is yes, you are not alone. This happens to 90% of startups that fail because they don't really understand what their customer needs.

This is where the Value Proposition Canvas, your new secret weapon, comes in.

The Basics: Why You Need This Tool

Where does the value proposition canvas come from

Alexander Osterwalder (the same genius behind the Business Model Canvas) created this tool because he realized something crucial: you can have the best business model in the world, but if you don't connect with your customer, you're dead in the water.

The Value Proposition Canvas is like having an intimate conversation with your customer before building anything. It focuses on two elements that can make or break your business:

  • Your customer (what do you really need)
  • Your value proposition (what exactly do you offer him)

The game-changing components

Imagine a jigsaw puzzle with two giant pieces:

Left Side - Customer Profile:

  • Customer Jobs: The tasks your customer is trying to solve (not the ones you think they need to solve)
  • Pains: The problems that keep you from sleeping at night
  • Gains: The benefits that would make you jump for excitement

Right side - Value Map:

  • Products & Services: What you really offer
  • Pain Relievers: How do you get rid of their headaches
  • Gain Creators: How do you generate those benefits you so much want

When both pieces fit together perfectly, you have a product-market fit. And that, my friend, is the difference between thriving and closing.

Why this tool is your best investment

Using the Value Proposition Canvas isn't just a nice activity for your next workshop. It's your business life insurance:

  • You eliminate brutal waste of resources: You stop creating things that nobody wants
  • You communicate like a professional: Articles why they should choose you over your competition
  • Innovate with purpose: You find real opportunities for differentiation
  • You develop real empathy: You put yourself in your customer's shoes (something that 80% of companies forget to do)

Does that sound good? So let's dive in.

Defining Your Customer: Beyond Demographics

Customer Jobs: What Your Customer Is Really Trying to Achieve

Forget about “my customer wants to buy my product”. That's thinking backwards. Your customer hires your product to do a specific job.

Functional Works: The concrete thing you're trying to do

Example: “I need to get from point A to point B in less than 20 minutes” (not “I want a car”)

Social Work: How do you want others to perceive you

Example: “I want my colleagues to see me as someone who cares about the environment” (not “I want a sustainable product”)

Emotional Jobs: How do you want to feel

Example: “I need to feel safe shopping online” (not “I want a guarantee”)

Practical exercise: Ask yourself right now: What job is my client hiring when he buys my product?

Pains: The aches that keep your client awake

Here you identify everything that frustrates your customer. And no, it's not just “the price is high”. Go deeper:

Specific obstacles:

“Setting up this software takes me 3 hours and I need technical help”

Risks that concern you:

“If this investment goes wrong, I could lose my retirement savings”

Unwanted results:

“My phone battery dies just when I need it most”

Your immediate task: Make a list of your client's 5 most intense pains. If you can't name 5, you need to talk more with your customers.

Gains: What would make your customer happy

The gains go beyond “getting the product”. These are the positive results your client is looking for:

Expected minimum benefits: “Make my coffee taste good”

Desired benefits: “A coffee with latte art and beans of unique origin”

Benefits that would surprise you: “A personalized experience with my name on the cup and access to exclusive coffee growers' events”

Key question: What would your customer consider to be a total success using your product?

Creating Your Value Proposition: From Insight to Action

Products & Services: Define exactly what you offer

Be brutally specific. Don't put “consulting”. Put “8-week consulting to implement marketing automation that generates 30% more qualified leads”.

Categorize your offer:

  • Main: Your star product/service
  • Complementary: What enhances the core experience
  • Secondary: Additional offers that can monetize

Reality filter: If each product/service doesn't directly help your customer with important work, delete it.

Pain relievers: how you eliminate their problems

Here you directly connect your products to the specific pain you identified. Don't talk about features, talk about relief:

Bad example: “Our software has AI”

Good example: “Our AI predicts failures before they occur, eliminating those early-morning emergency calls that ruin your weekend”

Golden Rule: For every pain you identified, there must be at least one specific pain reliever.

Gain creators: Generating real value

Your gain creators must produce exactly the benefits your client is looking for:

If your customer is looking for: “Feeling part of a community”

Your gain creator: “Access to monthly events where you connect face-to-face with 50+ professionals in your industry, including structured networking and post-event follow-up”

Professional trick: The best gain creators exceed customer expectations, not just meet them.

The Product-Market Fit: When Everything Clicks

Don't assume that you have a product-market fit. Validate it:

Step 1: Interview 10 current clients. Ask if they would recommend your product and why.

Step 2: Create an MVP (Minimum Viable Product) to test a specific hypothesis.

Step 3: It measures specific answers: adoption rate, retention, recommendations.

Step 4: Adjust your proposal based on actual feedback (not what you'd like to hear).

Sign that you have a product-market fit: Your customers get angry when they can't use your product.

Implementation: from theory to real results

Your implementation roadmap

Week 1: Research your customer

  • Schedule 5 30-minute interviews with current clients
  • Use open-ended questions: “Tell me about the last time you...”
  • Document jobs, pains and gains in their own words

Week 2: Build the customer profile

  • Consolidate interview insights
  • Prioritize the 3 most important jobs, 3 pains and 3 gains
  • Validate with more customers if necessary

Week 3: Design your value map

  • For each product/service, define what specific pain it relieves
  • For each product/service, define what specific profit it creates
  • Connect each element with visual lines

Week 4: Evaluate and Adjust

  • Are there significant pain without pain relievers?
  • Are there desired gains without gain creators?
  • Adjust your proposal or reconsider your segment

Mistakes that will cost you dearly (and how to avoid them)

Deadly Mistake #1: Starting with your product

Symptom: “I have this great product, who should I sell it to?”

Antidote: It always, ALWAYS starts with the customer. Your product should be aspirin for your headache.

Deadly Mistake #2: Generalizing Everything

Symptom: “Our product is for entrepreneurs” or “We help to be more productive”

Antidote: Be laser-specific. “Our product is for B2B SaaS founders with teams of 10-50 people who are struggling to retain customers after month 3.”

Deadly Mistake #3: Confusing Features with Benefits

Symptom: “We have 47 incredible features”

Antidote: Translate each feature to a specific benefit for the customer.

Success stories that will inspire you

Spotify he conquered the world because he understood this:

  • Customer Job: “I want to discover new music that I love”
  • Pain: “I spend hours looking for music and find pure boring songs”
  • Winning proposal: “We give you 30 new songs every Monday that align perfectly with your musical taste”

Airbnb He destroyed the hotels because he saw this:

  • Customer Job: “I want to feel like a local when I travel”
  • Pain: “Hotels are expensive, impersonal and isolate me from real culture”
  • Winning proposal: “Live in real homes with local hosts who show you their city from the inside”
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Has it ever happened to you that you design a product thinking that it will be a resounding success and then no one buys it? If your answer is yes, you are not alone. This happens to 90% of startups that fail because they don't really understand what their customer needs.

This is where the Value Proposition Canvas, your new secret weapon, comes in.

The Basics: Why You Need This Tool

Where does the value proposition canvas come from

Alexander Osterwalder (the same genius behind the Business Model Canvas) created this tool because he realized something crucial: you can have the best business model in the world, but if you don't connect with your customer, you're dead in the water.

The Value Proposition Canvas is like having an intimate conversation with your customer before building anything. It focuses on two elements that can make or break your business:

  • Your customer (what do you really need)
  • Your value proposition (what exactly do you offer him)

The game-changing components

Imagine a jigsaw puzzle with two giant pieces:

Left Side - Customer Profile:

  • Customer Jobs: The tasks your customer is trying to solve (not the ones you think they need to solve)
  • Pains: The problems that keep you from sleeping at night
  • Gains: The benefits that would make you jump for excitement

Right side - Value Map:

  • Products & Services: What you really offer
  • Pain Relievers: How do you get rid of their headaches
  • Gain Creators: How do you generate those benefits you so much want

When both pieces fit together perfectly, you have a product-market fit. And that, my friend, is the difference between thriving and closing.

Why this tool is your best investment

Using the Value Proposition Canvas isn't just a nice activity for your next workshop. It's your business life insurance:

  • You eliminate brutal waste of resources: You stop creating things that nobody wants
  • You communicate like a professional: Articles why they should choose you over your competition
  • Innovate with purpose: You find real opportunities for differentiation
  • You develop real empathy: You put yourself in your customer's shoes (something that 80% of companies forget to do)

Does that sound good? So let's dive in.

Defining Your Customer: Beyond Demographics

Customer Jobs: What Your Customer Is Really Trying to Achieve

Forget about “my customer wants to buy my product”. That's thinking backwards. Your customer hires your product to do a specific job.

Functional Works: The concrete thing you're trying to do

Example: “I need to get from point A to point B in less than 20 minutes” (not “I want a car”)

Social Work: How do you want others to perceive you

Example: “I want my colleagues to see me as someone who cares about the environment” (not “I want a sustainable product”)

Emotional Jobs: How do you want to feel

Example: “I need to feel safe shopping online” (not “I want a guarantee”)

Practical exercise: Ask yourself right now: What job is my client hiring when he buys my product?

Pains: The aches that keep your client awake

Here you identify everything that frustrates your customer. And no, it's not just “the price is high”. Go deeper:

Specific obstacles:

“Setting up this software takes me 3 hours and I need technical help”

Risks that concern you:

“If this investment goes wrong, I could lose my retirement savings”

Unwanted results:

“My phone battery dies just when I need it most”

Your immediate task: Make a list of your client's 5 most intense pains. If you can't name 5, you need to talk more with your customers.

Gains: What would make your customer happy

The gains go beyond “getting the product”. These are the positive results your client is looking for:

Expected minimum benefits: “Make my coffee taste good”

Desired benefits: “A coffee with latte art and beans of unique origin”

Benefits that would surprise you: “A personalized experience with my name on the cup and access to exclusive coffee growers' events”

Key question: What would your customer consider to be a total success using your product?

Creating Your Value Proposition: From Insight to Action

Products & Services: Define exactly what you offer

Be brutally specific. Don't put “consulting”. Put “8-week consulting to implement marketing automation that generates 30% more qualified leads”.

Categorize your offer:

  • Main: Your star product/service
  • Complementary: What enhances the core experience
  • Secondary: Additional offers that can monetize

Reality filter: If each product/service doesn't directly help your customer with important work, delete it.

Pain relievers: how you eliminate their problems

Here you directly connect your products to the specific pain you identified. Don't talk about features, talk about relief:

Bad example: “Our software has AI”

Good example: “Our AI predicts failures before they occur, eliminating those early-morning emergency calls that ruin your weekend”

Golden Rule: For every pain you identified, there must be at least one specific pain reliever.

Gain creators: Generating real value

Your gain creators must produce exactly the benefits your client is looking for:

If your customer is looking for: “Feeling part of a community”

Your gain creator: “Access to monthly events where you connect face-to-face with 50+ professionals in your industry, including structured networking and post-event follow-up”

Professional trick: The best gain creators exceed customer expectations, not just meet them.

The Product-Market Fit: When Everything Clicks

Don't assume that you have a product-market fit. Validate it:

Step 1: Interview 10 current clients. Ask if they would recommend your product and why.

Step 2: Create an MVP (Minimum Viable Product) to test a specific hypothesis.

Step 3: It measures specific answers: adoption rate, retention, recommendations.

Step 4: Adjust your proposal based on actual feedback (not what you'd like to hear).

Sign that you have a product-market fit: Your customers get angry when they can't use your product.

Implementation: from theory to real results

Your implementation roadmap

Week 1: Research your customer

  • Schedule 5 30-minute interviews with current clients
  • Use open-ended questions: “Tell me about the last time you...”
  • Document jobs, pains and gains in their own words

Week 2: Build the customer profile

  • Consolidate interview insights
  • Prioritize the 3 most important jobs, 3 pains and 3 gains
  • Validate with more customers if necessary

Week 3: Design your value map

  • For each product/service, define what specific pain it relieves
  • For each product/service, define what specific profit it creates
  • Connect each element with visual lines

Week 4: Evaluate and Adjust

  • Are there significant pain without pain relievers?
  • Are there desired gains without gain creators?
  • Adjust your proposal or reconsider your segment

Mistakes that will cost you dearly (and how to avoid them)

Deadly Mistake #1: Starting with your product

Symptom: “I have this great product, who should I sell it to?”

Antidote: It always, ALWAYS starts with the customer. Your product should be aspirin for your headache.

Deadly Mistake #2: Generalizing Everything

Symptom: “Our product is for entrepreneurs” or “We help to be more productive”

Antidote: Be laser-specific. “Our product is for B2B SaaS founders with teams of 10-50 people who are struggling to retain customers after month 3.”

Deadly Mistake #3: Confusing Features with Benefits

Symptom: “We have 47 incredible features”

Antidote: Translate each feature to a specific benefit for the customer.

Success stories that will inspire you

Spotify he conquered the world because he understood this:

  • Customer Job: “I want to discover new music that I love”
  • Pain: “I spend hours looking for music and find pure boring songs”
  • Winning proposal: “We give you 30 new songs every Monday that align perfectly with your musical taste”

Airbnb He destroyed the hotels because he saw this:

  • Customer Job: “I want to feel like a local when I travel”
  • Pain: “Hotels are expensive, impersonal and isolate me from real culture”
  • Winning proposal: “Live in real homes with local hosts who show you their city from the inside”
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